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[Footnote 557: Sam. Nik. XVI. 11. The whole section is called Kassapa Samyutta.] [Footnote 558: They are to be found chiefly in Cullavagga, XII., Dipavamsa, IV. and V. and Mahavamsa, IV.] [Footnote 559: The Dipavamsa adds that all the principal monks present had seen the Buddha. They must therefore all have been considerably over a hundred years old so that the chronology is open to grave doubt. It would be easier if we could suppose the meeting was held a hundred years after the enlightenment.] [Footnote 560: They are said to have rejected the Parivara, the Patisambhida, the Niddesa and parts of the Jataka. These are all later parts of the Canon and if the word rejection were taken literally it would imply that the Mahasangiti was late too. But perhaps all that is meant is that the books were not found in their Canon. Chinese sources (e.g. Fa Hsien, tr. Legge, p. 99) state that they had an Abhidhamma of their own.] [Footnote 561: Buddhist Records of the Western World, vol. II. pp. 164-5; Watters, Yuean Chwang, pp. 159-161.] [Footnote 562: Cap. XXXVI. Legge, p. 98.] CHAPTER XV. MYTHOLOGY IN HINDUISM AND BUDDHISM 230 Hinduism and Buddhism, Vol I. [Footnote 563: See I-tsing's Records of the Buddhist Religion, trans. by Takakusu, p. XX. and Nanjio's Catalogue of the Buddhist Tripitaka, nos. 1199, 1105 and 1159.] [Footnote 564: An exception ought perhaps to be made for the Japanese sects.] [Footnote 565: The names are not quite the same in the various lists and it seems useless to discuss them in detail. See Dipavamsa, V. 39-48, Mahavamsa, V. ad in., Rhys Davids, J.R.A.S. 1891, p. 411, Rockhill, Life of the Buddha, chap, VI., Geiger, Trans. of Mahavamsa, App. B.] [Footnote 566: The Hemavatikas, Rajagirikas, Siddhattas, Pubbaselikas, Aparaselikas and Apararajagirikas.] [Footnote 567: Published in the J.P.T.S. 1889. Trans, by S.Z. Aung and Mrs Rhys Davids, 1915. The text mentions doctrines only. The names of the sects supposed to hold them are supplied by the commentary.] [Footnote 568: They must not be confused with the four philosophic schools Vaibhashika, Sautrantika, Yogacara and Madhyamika. These came into existence later.] [Footnote 569: But the Vetulyakas were important in Ceylon.] [Footnote 570: See Paramartha's Life of Vasabandhu, Toung Pao, 1904, p. 290.] [Footnote 571: See Rhys Davids in J.R.A.S. 1892, pp. 8-9. The name is variously spelt. The P.T.S. print Sammitiya, but the Sanskrit text of the Madhyamakavritti (in Bibl. Buddh.) has Sammitiya. Sanskrit dictionaries give Sammatiya. The Abhidharma section of the Chinese Tripitaka (Nanjio, 1272) contains a sastra belonging to this school. Nanjio, 1139 is apparently their Vinaya.] [Footnote 572: Kern (Versl. en Med. der K. Akad. van Wetenschappen Letterk. 4. R.D. VIII. 1907, pp. 312-319, cf. J.R.A.S. 1907, p. 432) suggested on the authority of Kashgarian MSS. that the expression Vailpulya sutra is a misreading for Vaitulya sutra, a sutra of the Vetulyakas. Ananda was sometimes identified with the phantom who represented the Buddha.] [Footnote 573: It is remarkable that this view, though condemned by the Katha-vatthu, is countenanced by the Khuddaka-patha.] [Footnote 574: The Katha-vatthu constantly cites the Nikayas.] [Footnote 575: Pali Sabbatthivadins.] [Footnote 576: Cf. the doctrine of the Sankhya. For more about the Sarvastivadins see below, Book IV. chap. XXII.] [Footnote 577: See especially Le Nord-Ouest de L'Inde dans le Vinaya des Mulasarvastivadins by Przyluski in J.A. 1914, II. pp. 492 ff.] [Footnote 578: See articles by Fleet in J.R.A.S. of 1903, 1904, 1908-1911 and 1914: Hultzsch in J.R.A.S. 1910-11: Thomas in J.A. 1910: S. Levi, J.A. 1911.] [Footnote 579: Asoka's statement is confirmed (if it needs confirmation) by the Chinese pilgrim I-ching who saw in India statues of him in monastic costume.] CHAPTER XV. MYTHOLOGY IN HINDUISM AND BUDDHISM 231 Hinduism and Buddhism, Vol I. [Footnote 580: For a bibliography of the literature about these inscriptions see Vincent Smith, Early History of India, 3rd ed. 1914, pp. 172-4.] [Footnote 581: The dialect is not strictly speaking the same in all the inscriptions.] [Footnote 582: Piyadassi, Sanskrit Priyadarsin. The Dipavamsa, VI. 1 and 14, calls Asoka Piyadassi and Piyadassana. The name Asoka has hitherto only been found in one edict discovered at Hyderabad, J.R.A.S. 1916, p. 573.] [ Pobierz całość w formacie PDF ] |